Capturing Motion - And the Photographic Blur

The fans are screaming; the Bulls have the ball,1/125th of a second. In this case you definitely
and you are following number 23 as hewant to use a tripod and shoot at even slower
approaches the basket. He jumps, he shoots ...speeds. The reason you use a tripod is so that
you score! You did get that picture just as the ballthe rest of the image (other than moving parts)
left his fingertips, didn't you? If you got thatwill photograph sharp and crisp.
sports illustrated cover shot, the ball would beSo far we have only mentioned two basic
frozen just past the tip of his fingers.choices: A) the subject is frozen in mid air
This is the type of fast pace action shot that(commonly referred to as Stop Action) or B) the
most photographers think about when they aresubject deliberately shows some blur to indicate
trying to show motion in their photos; but it is notmovement. There is a third choice which is not so
the only way to show motion. Think about it for abasic; this choice is called panning. Panning involves
moment. If you were watching a wind mill; on ausing a slower shutter speed, but moving with (or
windy day, how would those blades look? If theypanning with) the subject as it goes by. This
were frozen in mid air like the basketball, youmakes the subject clear but the background
wouldn't be able to tell if there was actually anyblurry. It is very effective in showing motion, but
wind that day or not.it does take a lot of practice. Panning can be done
If you were shooting a NASCAR race and got awith or without a tripod. But the cleanest pan
single car high up on the edge of a curve, do youshots I have ever seen all did it with the tripod.
really want it 100% stop motion, razor sharp? IYou can also combine effects. For example: I
would say no. Why? Because if you took theonce shot a dance where there were several
picture the way it was just described, it could justphotographers using flash. I was trying a timed
be parked on the track for all anyone knows.exposure of a young lady coming down a circular
Obviously stopping motion is not the only way tostair case. Right at the end of my exposure a
show motion. If you want to freeze things in midflash went off. The end result was really quite
air, think fast shutter speed or electronic flash. Ifamazing. The ghost image of the girl walking
you want some blur in the image think slowerslowly down the stairs became crystal clear when
shutter speed and a tripod.she paused at the bottom step and the flash
When we say slow; we mean slow compared towent off.
the speed of the subject. For example; if we areThere is no one way that is right or wrong to
talking about a NASCAR car that goes 200 milescapture motion. Sometimes we see motion using
per hour, even 1/250th of a second might bestop action; sometimes we do it with a deliberate
slow enough to catch some blur. To be on theblur. Blur can be fractions of a second, or they
safe side, I would bracket your exposures tocan be several minutes long. If you have ever
include: 1/500th, 1/250th, 1/125th, 1/60th, and 1seen waterfall shots with the white dreamy
30th of a second. The first two or three shotsflowing water, that was exposed for several
you should be able to hand hold without muchminutes with a tripod. The choice of how you
problem; but once speeds start getting at 1/60thshoot movement determines how you view
of a second or slower, it is always safer to use amovement. Next time you automatically think
tripod."stop action" try a few blur shots as well; you
The wind mill may only be blowing at 25mph ormight be surprised at the results.
slower; so you might still freeze the image at only