| Trend is the easiest and the most difficult thing to | | | | finished and a reversal of the trend is underway. |
| understand. The difficulty arises because of the | | | | Channels are a good visual representation of the |
| time factor. Whenever we talk of trend it has to | | | | struggle between buyers and sellers. It is |
| be related to the context of time. | | | | important to realize that you must know the time |
| An intraday (relates to action on that particular | | | | frame you intend to trade. |
| day only) price chart may show a significant | | | | The channel on a 4-hour chart may be different |
| trend, which is contrary to a trend recognizable | | | | from that on another time period. Once you are |
| on a daily price chart, which may be contrary to a | | | | committed to a particular time frame we can |
| trend on a weekly chart. | | | | then define trend and emphasize the importance |
| Success depends on recognizing and trading the | | | | of drawing correct trend lines within the context |
| appropriate trend. Successful investing depends on | | | | of the time frame. Now we will combine these |
| recognizing the short, medium or long-term trend | | | | insights to maximize the efficiency of trading. This |
| and their correction (Rallies and Dips) inside the | | | | we will do by establishing channels in the particular |
| larger trend. | | | | trend we are working with. |
| We will usually be trading when at least the short | | | | We learned that the trend line acts as underlying |
| term and intermediate term trends are in the | | | | support to up trend lines and overhead resistance |
| same direction. The ideal will be when all three | | | | to down trends. We also can observe that prices |
| trends are in unison, but this is not a prerequisite, | | | | once finding support or resistance will move ahead |
| as intermediate trends can be substantial in both | | | | and away from the trend line then return to the |
| time and price. | | | | trend line. Over time we can recognize that this |
| It would be too exclusive a trading strategy to | | | | movement of price to and from the trend line |
| ignore these opportunities and only trade when all | | | | forms a channel, which once identified can be |
| three trends are in harmony. | | | | traded. |
| A simple definition of trend is basically the general | | | | In an up trend, as prices come back to the trend |
| direction of price movements. An up trend is | | | | line, new increased buying comes into the market |
| present when prices make a series of higher highs | | | | and overwhelms the sellers. These buyers are |
| and higher lows. | | | | made up of previous buyers in the market adding |
| A downtrend is present when prices make a | | | | to their positions, intending buyers who missed |
| series of lower highs and lower lows. When prices | | | | earlier opportunities and are now buying the dip. |
| move without such a discernible series, prices are | | | | The buying that stops the selling at the trend line |
| said to be trading side ways in a range or | | | | impresses some of the previously uncommitted. |
| trendless. | | | | Now convinced that the buyers have the upper |
| Once a trend is discernible then trend lines can be | | | | hand, buy. This new buying takes prices up and |
| drawn to define the lower limits of an up trend or | | | | away from the trend line and the further it |
| the upper limits of a downtrend. It is essential that | | | | moves up the more impressed the uncommitted |
| trend lines be drawn correctly. It is the recognition | | | | become and more buyers come into the market. |
| of the trend line and the violation of this trend line | | | | The previous short sellers become frustrated and |
| that is your key to successful trading and fortune | | | | buy to cover their short positions and prices |
| building. | | | | move up further. After a while, buying becomes |
| As you can see from the diagram below, the | | | | exhausted and is overwhelmed by selling and |
| trend is moving up. To draw a trend line, draw a | | | | profit taking. |
| straight line from the lowest low of the period to | | | | As buying is overwhelmed more profit taking |
| the next lowest low. Make sure the line does not | | | | occurs and nervous recent buyers will have their |
| pass through any bars. | | | | close trailing stops (To be discussed later) |
| To draw a trend line, draw a straight line from | | | | triggered as market orders and so price retreats |
| the highest high of the period to the next highest | | | | to the trend line again. |
| high. Make sure the line does not pass through | | | | This starts the whole cycle off again if the up |
| any bars | | | | trend is to continue. This to and fro, buying and |
| During development of a trend the growth of the | | | | selling in the direction of the trend plots out a |
| trend proceeds at different rates at different | | | | recognizable channel of dynamic flux of the trend. |
| times. | | | | Recognizing the trend line and the opposing parallel |
| A frequent sequence is the following - a short | | | | channel line - channel return line - and |
| initial explosive breakout and advance from a | | | | understanding the human dynamics that account |
| previous prolonged period of range trading, a | | | | for its structure, increase the efficiency of profit |
| much longer period of steady progression at a | | | | making by initiating or adding to one's position at |
| lower rate of change and, finally, a shorter period | | | | trend lines and profit taking at the channel return |
| of noticeably slower rate of progression. | | | | line. |
| Each phase of trend advancement is followed by | | | | One can, but I do not usually, trade the |
| a period of retracement and consolidation. The | | | | retracement. For those who do not wish to trade |
| initial growth phase is too rapid to be sustained | | | | the trend so aggressively one can use the trend |
| and the ensuing correction is often quite deep. | | | | line for placing and moving stops and to initiate |
| The second phase of advancement is one of | | | | new trades. Also when a channel is in force we |
| steady sustainable growth and often persists for | | | | can respond to trend violation by having a |
| some time. Inevitably this too ends and a period | | | | recognizable entry level to trade the new trend. |
| of retracement follows but usually not as deep as | | | | Also, as the trend progresses one can recognize |
| the initial correction. | | | | support and resistance levels, which can also be |
| This second correction often takes more time | | | | used for further trading on the placement of |
| than the first to complete the corrective process. | | | | stops. |
| When the correction is complete the final phase | | | | As you can clearly see from the diagram, the |
| of trend advancement occurs usually at the | | | | trend line can change slope as the trend may |
| slowest rate of change for the whole progression | | | | move at different rates and it is mandatory to |
| of the trend and then this too corrects. | | | | adjust the trend as necessary. |
| The three trend lines that can be drawn from the | | | | So it is with channels, as these too must be |
| initial point of the trend through each of the | | | | adjusted as the trend accelerates or decelerates. |
| retracement extremes are known as Fan Lines. | | | | Also it can often be recognized that channels can |
| They illustrate the decaying rate of progress of | | | | exist within channels. These channels within |
| the trend. When finally prices violate the third fan | | | | channels are plotting the short, medium and |
| line it invariably means the trend so monitored has | | | | long-term trend. |